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on April 23, 2023

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The race to produce rare earth materials

via MIT Technology Review https://ift.tt/XhLP0su Abandoning fossil fuels and adopting lower-carbon technologies are our best options for warding off the accelerating threat of climate change. Access to rare earth elements, key ingredients in many of these technologies, will partly determine which countries will meet their goals for lowering emissions or increasing the proportion of electricity generated from non-fossil-fuel sources. But some nations, including the US, are increasingly worried about whether the supply of those elements will remain stable. According to the International Energy Agency, demand for rare earth elements is expected to reach three to seven times current levels by 2040; demand for other critical minerals such as lithium may multiply 40-fold . Delivering on the 2016 Paris Agreement , under which signatory nations are obligated to reduce emissions to cap the global temperature increase, would require the global mineral supply to quadruple within the same ti

If You’re Going to San Francisco, Be Sure to Ride In a Driverless Car

https://ift.tt/D0AYkQm Cable cars are still trundling up the city’s hills, but the driverless cars from Waymo are shaping up as San Francisco’s latest tourist attraction. from NYT > Technology https://ift.tt/tez0i5E via IFTTT

We’ve never understood how hunger works. That might be about to change.

via MIT Technology Review https://ift.tt/xKbmQvN You haven’t seen hungry until you’ve seen Brad Lowell’s mice. A few years ago, Lowell—a Harvard University neuroscientist—and a postdoc, Mike Krashes, figured out how to turn up the volume on the drive for food as high as it can go. They did it by stimulating a bundle of neurons in the hypothalamus, an area of the brain thought to play a key role in regulating our basic needs. A video captures what happened next. Initially, the scene is calm as a camera pans slowly along a series of plastic cages, each occupied by a docile, well-fed mouse, reclining on a bed of wood chips. None of the eight mice shown are interested in the food pellets arrayed above them on the other side of a triangular metal grate that drops down from the ceiling. Which is not surprising, since each mouse has just consumed the rodent equivalent of a Thanksgiving dinner. But as the seconds displayed on a timer at the bottom of the screen tick away, half the mice

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